Medical Countermeasures Dispensing: Emergency Use Authorization and the Postal Model: Workshop Summary

Jun 28

Ebook Free Download | Medical Countermeasures Dispensing: Emergency Use Authorization and the Postal Model: Workshop Summary | The negative health impact of many large-scale public health emergencies, such as an intentional anthrax release, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), or the recent 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic, can be mitigated significantly by medical countermeasures such as antimicrobials, antivirals, and vaccines. To be effective, these countermeasures generally must be delivered in very large quantities in a short period of time. For example, in the event of an outdoor release of aerosolized anthrax over a wide geographic area, hundreds of thousands to millions of people would need prophylactic antibiotics within 48 hours of exposure to prevent deadly inhalational anthrax. In the event of an influenza pandemic, the timing is less urgent (although to be most effective antiviral medications should be taken by patients who have been symptomatic for no more than 2 days), but the entire population could be affected and extremely large quantities of antiviral medications would need to be dispensed.
Adding to these challenges, an extensive array of different medical countermeasures are needed to protect the public against the large number of known and unforeseen chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear threats. Despite ongoing efforts to develop existing and new countermeasures from discovery through approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), when a public health emergency occurs, the best countermeasure available to detect, prevent, or treat the disease or injury may be unapproved or approved for different indications. The restricted time frame of a response is unlikely to allow sufficient time to receive FDA approval.
Because of the scope of these programs and the tremendous challenges involved in implementing and executing them, the delivery of medical countermeasures during a public health emergency has been identified as one of the major challenges facing the medical and public health community.

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The negative health impact of many large-scale public health emergencies, such as an intentional anthrax release, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), or the recent 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic, can be

mitigated significantly by medical countermeasures such as antimicrobials, antivirals, and vaccines. To be effective, these countermeasures generally must be delivered in very large quantities in a short period of time. For example, in the event of an outdoor release of aerosolized anthrax over a wide geographic area, hundreds of thousands to millions of people would need prophylactic antibiotics within 48 hours of exposure to prevent deadly inhalational anthrax. In the event of an influenza pandemic, the timing is less urgent (although to be most effective antiviral medications should be taken by patients who have been symptomatic for no more than 2 days), but the entire population could be affected and extremely large quantities of antiviral medications would need to be dispensed.

Adding to these challenges, an extensive array of different medical countermeasures are needed to protect the public against the large number of known and unforeseen chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear threats. Despite ongoing efforts to develop existing and new countermeasures from discovery through approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), when a public health emergency occurs, the best countermeasure available to detect, prevent, or treat the disease or injury may be unapproved or approved for different indications. The restricted time frame of a response is unlikely to allow sufficient time to receive FDA approval.

Because of the scope of these programs and the tremendous challenges involved in implementing and executing them, the delivery of medical countermeasures during a public health emergency has been

identified as one of the major challenges facing the medical and public health community.